Susan Rayos

Statewide

Justice Court Remote Appearances

In justice-court civil proceedings, the judge may allow or require electronic participation after considering case, evidence, access, and party factors; written notice must include joining and evidence-submission instructions.

A judge may allow or require a participant to appear at a court proceeding by videoconference, teleconference, or other available electronic means.

Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 500.9, Appearances at Court Proceedings ↗

Statewide

Limited Criminal Remote Appearance

For the specific fine-and-cost hearings governed by Articles 45A.258 and 45A.259, a justice or municipal judge may allow a defendant to appear by telephone or videoconference when an in-person appearance would impose undue hardship.

If the justice or judge determines that requiring a defendant to appear before the justice or judge in person for a hearing under Article 45A.258 or 45A.259 would impose an undue hardship on the defendant, the justice or judge may allow the defendant to appear by telephone or videoconference.

Texas Code of Criminal Procedure Article 45A.260, Appearance by Telephone or Videoconference ↗

Susan Rayos at a glance

Available research

Courtroom rules and guidance

Justice Court Remote Appearances

Limited Criminal Remote Appearance

Sources

Texas Office of Court Administration official judicial roster

Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 500.9, Appearances at Court Proceedings

Texas Code of Criminal Procedure Article 45A.260, Appearance by Telephone or Videoconference

Midland County Justice Court, Precinct 3 official directory